Management of saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers using different wells systems: a case study of the Nile Delta aquifer in Egypt

Saltwater intrusion (SWI) is a type of pollution that adversely affects the quality groundwater in coastal aquifers. The Nile Delta aquifer (NDA) Egypt contains large amount freshwater. Increasing abstraction from and sea level rise have led to an increase SWI, which has reached up 100 km inland. Therefore, practical measures are required prevent further SWI. This study aims identify optimal well system manage saline water NDA using number management systems, including pumping brackish water, recharge, SEAWAT code used simulate SWI considering different scenarios rise. Four control including: decreasing aquifer, increasing recharge treated waste for desalination, combination these systems. results showed could lead greater retardation (19.5%) than (6.2%) (5.9%). However, combined pumping, shown be more effective tool aquifers, with percentage 21.3%.